Simple Past Tense—How It’s Used, With Examples

The simple past is a verb tense that is used to talk about things that happened or existed before now. Imagine someone asks what your brother Wolfgang did while he was in town last weekend.

The simple past tense shows that you are talking about something that has already happened. Unlike the past continuous tense, which is used to talk about past events that happened over a period of time, the simple past tense emphasizes that the action is finished.

You can also use the simple past to talk about a past state of being, such as the way someone felt about something. This is often expressed with the simple past tense of the verb to be and an adjective, noun, or prepositional phrase.

How to formulate the simple past

For regular verbs, add -ed to the root form of the verb (or just -d if the root form already ends in an e):

Play→Played

Type→Typed

Listen→Listened

Push→Pushed

Love→Loved

For irregular verbs, things get more complicated. The simple past tense of some irregular verbs looks exactly like the root form:

Put→Put

Cut→Cut

Set→Set

Cost→Cost

Hit→Hit

For other irregular verbs, including the verb to be, the simple past forms are more erratic:

See→Saw

Build→Built

Go→Went

Do→Did

Rise→Rose

Am/Is/Are→Was/Were

The good news is that verbs in the simple past tense (except for the verb to be) don’t need to agree in number with their subjects.

How to make the simple past negative

Fortunately, there is a formula for making simple past verbs negative, and it’s the same for both regular and irregular verbs (except for the verb to be). The formula is did not + [root form of verb]. You can also use the contraction didn’t instead of did not.

For the verb to be, you don’t need the auxiliary did. When the subject of the sentence is singular, use was not or wasn’t. When the subject is plural, use were not or weren’t.

How to ask a question

The formula for asking a question in the simple past tense is did + [subject] + [root form of verb].

When asking a question with the verb to be, you don’t need the auxiliary did. The formula is was/were + [subject].

Common Regular Verbs in the Past Tense

Infinitive	Past Tense	Negative
to ask	asked	did not ask
to work	worked	did not work
to call	called	did not call
to use	used	did not use

 Common Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense

Infinitive	Past Tense	Negative
to be	was, were	was not, were not
to have	had	did not have
to do	did	did not do
to say	said	did not say
to get	got	did not get
to make	made	did not make
to go	went	did not go
to take	took	did not take
to see	saw	did not see
to come	came	did not come

Simple past tense FAQs

What is the simple past tense?

The simple past is a verb tense describing events that already happened. 

What are some examples of simple past tense?

“I ate cereal for breakfast this morning.” 

“Morganucodon was an early mammal that lived with dinosaurs.”

Can simple past tense express future action?

The simple past tense can only express actions in the past. However, you can show current ongoing actions that started in the past with the present perfect continuous tense (e.g., “I have been working there for twenty years”).